Three suture large bore closure device and methods

ABSTRACT

A vascular closure device includes an anchor, a suture carrying portion, and at least three needles. The anchor is positionable through a vessel puncture in a vessel wall and operable between expanded and retracted positions. The suture carrying portion is positioned distal of the anchor and configured to carry at least one suture. The needles are operable between an advanced position extending through the vessel wall adjacent to the vessel puncture to connect to the at least one suture, and a retracted position in which the needles position the at least one suture through the vessel wall. The needles and sutures are configurable to close large bore openings in the vessel wall.

RELATED APPLICATION

This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/794,425,filed on 11 Mar. 2013, now pending, the disclosure of which isincorporated, in its entirety, by this reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to closure devices, and more specificallyrelates to closure devices that place sutures across an opening in avessel wall.

BACKGROUND

Various medical procedures, particularly cardiology procedures, involveaccessing a corporeal vessel through a percutaneous sheath. The sheathnecessarily requires the formation of a hole or opening in the vesselwall so that a medical procedure can be performed via the sheath. Afterthe particular medical procedure has been performed, the sheath musteventually be removed from the vessel and the access hole in the vesselwall must be closed.

A number of prior vascular closure devices have been developed inattempting to provide a solution for the problem of closing a hole inthe vessel wall. Tissue approximation typically involves passing alength suture into and through adjacent vessel and subcutaneous tissue,across the vessel opening, and back into and through adjacent vessel andsubcutaneous tissue. Certain prior closure devices have involvedrelatively complicated methods and devices for extracting a length ofsuture from inside the vessel so that the physician can approximatetissue surrounding the hole in the vessel wall through use of thesuture.

Most prior closure devices enlarge the vessel opening thereby negatingthe benefits of using smaller or less invasive percutaneous products.Prior suturing devices are also relatively complicated and difficult touse.

There remains a need, therefore, to provide a suturing apparatus that isrelatively simple in construction, is easy to use, and can effectivelyapproximate tissue surrounding an opening in a vessel wall.

SUMMARY

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vascular closuredevice including an anchor, a suture carrying portion, and a pluralityof needles. The anchor is positionable through a vessel puncture in avessel wall and operable between expanded and contracted positions. Thesuture carrying portion is positioned distal of the anchor andconfigured to carry at least one suture. The plurality of needles areoperable between an advanced position extending through the vessel walladjacent to the vessel puncture to connect to the at least one suture,and a retracted position in which the plurality of needles positions theat least one suture through the vessel wall. At least one of theplurality of needles extends through an aperture in the anchor when inthe advanced position.

Two of the plurality of needles may extend through separate apertures inthe anchor. The plurality of needles may include at least three pairs ofneedles. The plurality of needles may include at least first and secondpairs of needles, wherein the first pair of needles extends through theanchor. The at least one suture may include three separate sutures. Theplurality of needles may include first and second pairs of needlespositioned on opposing sides of the anchor. The vascular closure devicemay include a body portion, wherein the plurality of needles arepositioned in the body portion when in the retracted position, and theanchor holds the vessel wall against a distal surface of the bodyportion when the anchor is in the expanded position.

A further aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vascular closuredevice that includes a body portion, an anchor, at least three sutures,and three pairs of needles. The anchor is positioned distal of the bodyportion. The at least three sutures include portions thereof positioneddistal of the anchor. The three pairs of needles are carried by the bodyportion. The three pairs of needles are operable to advance through avessel wall, connect to the portions of the at least three sutures, andretract to pull the at least three sutures through the vessel wall.

The anchor may be operable between retracted and expanded positions tocapture the vessel wall between the anchor and the body portion. Atleast one of the three pairs of needles may extend through a portion ofthe anchor. At least one of the three pairs of needles may extendthrough multiple portions of the anchor. The anchor may include firstand second arms extending radially outward when the anchor is in anexpanded position, and separate needles may extend through each of thefirst and second arms. Each of the first and second arms may include asingle length of material having a bend along its length. The anchor maybe insertable through a puncture in a vessel wall, and the sutures mayextend across the puncture after the three pairs of needles areretracted and the vascular closure device is withdrawn from thepuncture. The three pairs of needles may be arranged in series. A firstneedle of each pair of needles may be arranged on one side of a puncturein the vessel wall, and a second of each pair of needles may be arrangedon an opposite side of the puncture.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of placingsutures in a vessel wall. The method includes providing a sutureplacement device having a body portion, an anchor, a plurality ofneedles, and a plurality of sutures. The method may further includeinserting the anchor and plurality of sutures through a puncture in thevessel wall, operating the anchor into an expanded position to capturethe vessel wall between the body portion and the anchor, advancing theplurality of needles through the vessel wall adjacent to the punctureinto engagement with the plurality of sutures, wherein at least one ofthe plurality of needles extend through the anchor, and retracting theplurality of needles to position the plurality of sutures in the vesselwall.

Advancing the plurality of needles may include advancing a pair ofneedles through the anchor and separate pairs of needles on oppositesides of the anchor. The method may include retracting the anchor, andwithdrawing the suture placement device may position the plurality ofsutures extending across the puncture. Advancing the plurality ofneedles may include advancing the plurality of needles concurrently. Theanchor may include first and second arms arranged opposite of eachother, and separate needles may extend through the first and second armswhen the anchor is in the expanded position. Retracting the plurality ofneedles may pull a portion of at least some of the plurality of suturesthrough the anchor.

The foregoing and other features, utilities, and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following detailed description ofthe invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example vascular closure device inaccordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a perspective of an anchor of the vascular closure device ofFIG. 1 in an expanded position.

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 1 extending through a vessel puncture.

FIG. 3B is a side view of a handle portion of the vascular closuredevice of FIG. 1 with actuator positions corresponding to a state of thedistal end portion shown in FIG. 3A.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 3A with the anchor in an extended position.

FIG. 4B shows actuator positions of the handle portion r correspondingto a state of the distal end portion shown in FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 4A with a portion of the vessel wall capturedbetween the anchor and a body portion of the vascular closure system.

FIG. 5B shows actuator positions of the handle portion corresponding toa state of the distal end portion shown in FIG. 5A.

FIG. 5C is a side view of the distal end portion of the vascular closuredevice of FIG. 5A.

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 5A with needles extending through the vesselwall.

FIG. 6B shows actuator positions of the handle portion corresponding toa state of the distal end portion shown in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vascular closuredevice shown in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 6A with the needles connected to sutures withinthe vessel.

FIG. 7B is a detailed inset showing connection of the needles to thesutures in FIG. 7A.

FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 7A with the needles retracted partially.

FIG. 8B shows actuator positions of the handle portion corresponding toa state of the distal end portion shown in FIG. 8A.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 8A with the needles fully withdrawn and thesutures extending through the vessel wall.

FIG. 10A is a perspective view of the distal end portion of the vascularclosure device of FIG. 9 with the anchor in a retracted position.

FIG. 10B shows the actuator positions of the handle portioncorresponding to a state of the distal end portion shown in FIG. 10A.

FIG. 11 shows the sutures extending across the vascular puncture uponremoval of the vascular closure device.

FIG. 12 shows the sutures of FIG. 11 tied to close the vascularpuncture.

FIG. 13 shows a pair of sutures tied to close the vascular puncture.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure is directed to devices and methods that place atleast one suture across a wound (e.g., a puncture in a vessel). In oneembodiment, the device is adapted and configured to place three suturesacross an opening (e.g., vascular puncture) in a wall of the vessel. Thepresent disclosure contemplates that a medical procedure will beperformed through a sheath that is inserted through the opening in thevessel wall. The sheath provides access to the inside of the vessel. Thedevice may be used prior to the sheath being inserted through theopening or after the medical procedure has been completed and the sheathremoved. The device deploys at least one suture across the vesselopening by inserting a plurality of needles through the vessel walladjacent to the opening. The needles grasp lengths of suture held by thedevice within the vessel. Withdrawing the needles pulls the lengths ofsuture through the vessel wall. The sutures may be subsequently used toclose the opening. One use of the device is to place at least one suturethrough the vessel wall, wherein the suture is later used to close theopening in the vessel wall (e.g., a puncture in a femoral artery formedduring a catheter-based procedure).

While the vascular instruments shown and described below includeprocedural sheaths and puncture sealing devices, the application ofprinciples described herein are not limited to the specific devicesshown. The principles described herein may be used with any medicaldevice. Therefore, while the description below is directed primarily toarterial procedures and certain embodiments of a vascular closuredevice, the methods and apparatus are only limited by the appendedclaims. Applications of closure devices including those implementingprinciples described herein include closure of a percutaneous punctureor incision in tissue separating two internal portions of a living body,such as punctures or incisions in blood vessels, ducts or lumens, gallbladders, livers, hearts, etc.

The devices and methods of the present disclosure may be particularlyuseful for suture-based closure of large bore openings. Large boreopenings typically have a size of at least 10 French (F), such as in therange of about 10 F to about 24 F.

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vascular closuredevice that uses three pairs of needles to deliver three separatesutures. At least one of the pairs of needles extends through a portionof an anchor member of the vascular closure device. The pair of needlesmay extend through the anchor when the anchor is in an expanded ordeployed position, such as when the anchor is used to capture a portionof a vessel wall between a body portion of the vascular closure deviceand a proximal contact surface of the anchor when the anchor is in adeployed position. The vascular closure device operates to positionthree sutures extending across a vessel puncture. The three sutures maythen be used to seal the vessel puncture upon removal of the vascularclosure device from the vessel puncture.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vascular closuredevice having at least one needle operable to extend through a portionof an anchor as part of positioning at least one suture across a vesselpuncture. The at least one needle extending through the anchor mayinclude a pair of needles that extend through a vessel wall on opposingsides of the vessel puncture. In one example, the vascular closuredevice may further include at least one needle that extends through thevessel wall at a location spaced apart from the anchor. In one example,separate pairs of needles extend through the vessel wall on oppositesides of the anchor when the anchor is in the expanded or deployedposition to position separate sutures through the vessel wall onopposite sides of the anchor. The at least one needle extending throughthe anchor may position a separate suture extending through the vesselwall at a location in alignment with the anchor as a result of the atleast one needle extending through a portion of the anchor.

Delivering a needle or pair of needles through the anchor when theanchor is in the deployed position may provide a more compact vascularclosure device design by taking advantage of the otherwise unavailableportion of a width of the vascular closure device that is occupied bythe anchor, which in previous designs was assumed to be unavailablespace for operating a needle or pair of needles, and thereforeunavailable for suture placement. For large bore vessel punctures, thisleaves a significant portion of the vessel puncture lacking closure(e.g., coverage) by a suture.

Positioning a plurality of sutures (e.g., at least three sutures) acrossa vessel puncture using a vascular closure device may provide improvedclosure of the vessel puncture as compared to a method of closing avessel puncture that includes positioning only a single suture or only apair of sutures across the vessel puncture. Furthermore, delivering asuture across a vessel puncture at a position along the length of thevessel puncture that corresponds with (e.g., aligns with) a position ofthe anchor when the anchor is deployed may provide positioning of thesuture at a position centrally along the length of the vessel puncture,which may provide improved closure of the puncture after removal of thevascular closure device.

The anchors disclosed herein may also be referred to as backboards,anchor portions, anchor legs, or anchor arms. The anchors may bemoveable between a retracted position having a reduced profile fordelivery through the vessel puncture, and an expanded position used tocapture a portion of the vessel wall between the anchor, which ispositioned internal the vessel, and a body portion of the vascularclosure device, which is positioned external the vessel. After capturinga portion of the vessel wall using the expanded anchor, the plurality ofneedles may be advanced through the vessel wall. The needles connect tosuture portions positioned internal the vessel, which are carried by asuture carrying a member of the vascular closure device. Withdrawing theneedles after the needles have connected with the suture portions pullsthe sutures through the vessel wall. Withdrawing the vascular closuredevice after withdrawing the needles positions the sutures extendingacross the vessel puncture. The sutures may then be tied or otherwisesecured (e.g., using a suture locking device) to close the vesselpuncture. In at least some arrangements, additional sealing material maybe delivered to the vessel puncture along an outer surface of the vesselwall after closing the vessel puncture with the sutures. An examplesealing material is a bioadhesive.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, an example vascular closure device 10 isshown including a body portion 12, an anchor 14, a suture carryingportion 16, a plurality of needles 18 (see FIGS. 6A, 7A, 8A), and adistal locator tip 20. The body portion may include a handle 30 and adelivery portion 32. The anchor 14 may be expandable and retractablerelative to the body portion 12 and suture carrying portion 16. Theneedles may be operable to move between a withdrawn position within thebody portion 12, and an advanced position protruding through the vesselwall. The needles may be used to grasp lengths of suture carried by thesuture carrying portion and, when withdrawn, pull the lengths of thesutures through the vessel wall adjacent to the vessel puncture.Operation of the vascular closure device 10 is shown and described infurther detail with reference to FIGS. 3A-12.

The handle 30 of the body portion 12 includes distal and proximal ends34, 35, and first and second actuators 36, 38. The first and secondactuators 36, 38 may be pivotally mounted to the handle 30. Operation ofthe first actuator 36 moves the anchor 14 between retracted and extendedpositions. Typically, the anchor 14 maintains the retracted positionwhile advancing the vascular closure device 10 through a vessel puncturein a vessel wall. The vascular closure device 10 may have its smallestouter profile when the anchor 14 is in the retracted position to promoteinsertion through the vessel puncture. The first actuator 36 may berotated forward to expand or extend the anchor 14 into a position thatlimits removal of the vascular closure device 10 from the vessel. Theanchor 14, when in the expanded or extended position, may be used tocapture the vessel wall between a proximal contact surface of the anchorand a distal surface of the body portion in preparation for advancingthe needles through the vessel wall.

The anchor 14 may be moveable axially relative to the body portion 12when the anchor 14 is in the expanded position. Operation of the firstactuator 36 through a first portion of its actuation path (e.g., througha first portion of its rotation path in a forward or advancing directionas shown in FIG. 4B) may move the anchor 14 between expanded andretracted positions (see FIGS. 3A-4B). Operation of the first actuator36 through a second portion of its actuation path (e.g., through asecond portion of its rotation path in a forward or advancing directionas shown in FIG. 5B) may move the expanded anchor axially in a rearwardor proximal direction (e.g., withdraw the expanded anchor 14 proximallytowards the body portion 12 as shown in FIGS. 5A-5C).

The second actuator 38 may be operable to move the needles 18 betweenwithdrawn and extended positions. The needles 18, when in a withdrawnposition, may be completely recessed within the body portion 12.Operation of the second actuator 38 (i.e., rotation in a forward rotateddirection as shown in FIG. 6B) advances the needles 18 distally out ofthe body portion 12 and through a vessel wall (see FIGS. 6A-6C). Theneedles 18 include distal needle tips 19 (see FIGS. 6B-6C) that connectto sutures 82-84 carried by the suture carrying portion 16. Once theneedles 18 are connected to the sutures 82-84, the second actuator 38 isoperated in a reverse rotation direction (see FIG. 8B) to withdraw theneedles 18 back into the body portion 12 as shown in FIGS. 8A-9.Withdrawing the needles 18 proximally pulls the sutures 82-84 throughthe vessel wall. The anchor 14 is retracted by rotating the firstactuator 36 in a reverse direction as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B.Removing the vascular closure device 10 from the vessel puncturepositions the sutures 82-84 extending across the vessel puncture.

Free ends of the sutures 82-84 are then exposed for handling by anoperator outside of the patient as shown in FIG. 11. The operator mayform a knot in the sutures or advance a suture locking device along thesutures to close the vessel puncture as shown in FIG. 12.

The body portion 12 may include, for example, biasing members, spools,linkages, and other features internal the handle 30 to assist intransferring the pivotal operation of the first and second actuators 36,38 to operation of the anchor 14 and needles 18 between retracted orwithdrawn positions and expanded or advanced positions. Detailsconcerning internal features used to couple actuators on a handle tomovement of distal features on a vascular closure device are disclosedin U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/490,816 filed on 7 Jun. 2012, andentitled “Large Bore Closure Device and Methods,” which application isincorporated herein in its entirety by this reference.

The delivery portion 32 of the body portion 12 includes distal andproximal ends 42, 44, a plurality of needle openings 50, and a distalend surface 52. The proximal end 44 of the delivery portion 32 ismounted to the handle 30. The suture carrying portion 16 extends fromthe distal end 42 of the delivery portion 32. The plurality of needles18 may be advanced through and withdrawn into the needle openings 50.The needle openings 50 may be positioned adjacent to the distal endsurface 52. The needle openings 50 may be positioned on opposite sidesof the suture carrying portion 16, which may be the same side of thesuture carrying portion 16 from which the anchor 14 extends.

The distal end surface 52 may define a contact surface against which aportion of a vessel wall is contacted when captured between the bodyportion 12 and anchor 14. A distal end surface 52 may include agenerally flat, planar portion that extends substantially perpendicularto a longitudinal axis X of the body portion 12 (see FIG. 1).

The anchor 14 is moveable between a retracted position show in FIG. 1and an expanded or extended position shown in FIG. 2. While in theretracted position, the vascular closure device 10 has a reduced profilethat permits insertion of the anchor 14 through a tissue puncture. Uponactuation into an expanded or extended position, the anchor 14 resistsremoval of the vascular closure device 10 in a proximal direction backthrough the tissue puncture.

The anchor 14 may include first and second arms 60, 62, wherein each armincludes a contact segment 64 and a support segment 66. The contactsegments 64 each include a contact surface 68 and a needle aperture 70.The support segments 66 each include a separate needle aperture 72. Whenthe anchor 14 is in an expanded position as shown in FIG. 2, the needleapertures 70, 72 are aligned axially with each other such that one ofthe needles 18 may extend through the needle apertures 70, 72 and intocontact with one of the sutures carried by the suture carrying portion16.

The contact segment 64 may be arranged generally perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis X when the anchor 14 is in the expanded position. Thesupport segments 66 are typically arranged at an angled orientation andprovide support for the contact segment 64. The contact surface 68 ofthe contact segments 64 is arranged facing the distal end surface 52 ofthe body portion 12. The contact surface 68 is arranged to contact aninterior surface of a vessel wall when the vessel wall is capturedbetween the body portion 12 and the expanded anchor 14.

The needle apertures 70, 72 may have any desired shape and size. Theneedle apertures 70, 72 are sized and arranged to receive one of theneedles 18 in a generally axial or longitudinal direction. The needleapertures 70, 72 of each of the first and second arms 60, 62 may bearranged coaxial with each other along an axis that is arrangedgenerally parallel to the longitudinal axis X. In other arrangements,the axis along with the needle aperture 70, 72 are aligned is orientedat an angle relative to the longitudinal axis X, such as a tapered anglethat directs the needles 18 radially inward toward the suture carryingportion 16.

The needle aperture 70, 72 may be formed in the first and second arms60, 62 using any desired method including, for example, drilling orforming (e.g., using a molding process). The needle apertures 70, 72 maybe configured as pass-through bores through each of the contact andsupport segments 64, 66. Alternatively, the needle aperture 70, 72 mayhave access along one of the side or lateral surfaces of the contact andsupport segments 64, 66 as well as along the distal and proximalsurfaces of the contact and support segments 64, 66 when the first andsecond arms 60, 62 are in the expanded position.

The anchor 14, when in the expanded position shown in FIG. 2, may berepositioned in an axial direction to capture a portion of a vessel wall24 between the contact surface 68 and the distal end surface 52 as shownin FIGS. 5C and 6C. The anchor 14 may be moveable axially while theanchor 14 maintains the expanded position. In some arrangements, theanchor 14 moves into the expanded position while at the same time beingrepositioned in an axial direction to capture the vessel wall 24 betweenthe anchor 14 and the body portion 12. The vessel wall 24 may bereleased by advancing the anchor 14 distally away from the body portion12. In some arrangements, the anchor 14 may move into a retractedposition concurrently with advancing the anchor 14 distally to releasethe vessel wall 24.

The anchor 14 may be configured to provide a maximum surface area at thecontact surface 68 when the anchor 14 is in the expanded position. Insome arrangements, the anchor 14 includes only a single arm, while inother arrangements the anchor includes three or more arms that eachincludes a contact surface 68. In one example, the anchor 14 extendsdistally out of the body portion 12, while in other arrangements atleast a portion of anchor 14 extends radially outward from the suturecarrying portion 16 or other structure that is positioned distal of thebody portion 12. Each arm, or only a select number arms, of the anchormay include at least one of the needle apertures 70, 72 discussedherein.

Any one of the anchor arms (e.g., first and second arm 60, 62) mayinclude at least one aperture sized and arranged to permit one of theneedles 18 to pass there through. Regardless of the position of theanchor 14 relative to the body portion 12 and suture carrying portion16, the space occupied by the anchor when in the expanded position maybe utilized for advancing a needle there through to position a sutureacross a vessel puncture at a location in which the anchor contacts thevessel wall adjacent to the vessel puncture.

The suture carrying portion 16 may include an anchor slot 74, a needlereceiving slot 76, a suture slot 78, and suture connectors 80. Thesuture carrying portion 16 may carry or support at least portions of thesutures 82-84. For example, the suture carrying portion 16 may supportthree ends of the sutures 82-84, which each have a suture connector 80mounted thereto. A length of the sutures 82-84 extending between thefree ends of each suture may extend internally along the suture carryingportion 16 and body portion 12 and into the handle 30. When withdrawingthe vascular closure device 10 from the vessel puncture after pullingthe free ends of the sutures through the vessel wall, the length of thesuture between the free ends is pulled out of the handle 30, bodyportion 12 and suture carrying portion 16 to position a continuouslength of the sutures 82-84 across the vessel puncture.

The needle receiving slots 76 may be constructed as grooves or recessesalong a length dimension of the suture carrying portion 16. Distalneedle tips 19 of the needles 18 may extend into the needle receivingslot 76 to guide the needles 18 into the suture connectors 80 as shownin FIG. 6A. The anchor slot 74 provides a space within which the anchor14 resides until moved into the expanded position. The distal locatortip 20 extends distally from the suture carrying portion 16. The distallocator tip 20 may provide a flexible leading portion of the vascularclosure device that improves ease of insertion through a vessel punctureand along a length of an internal lumen of the vessel.

A vessel wall 24 of a vessel may include a vessel puncture 26 as shownin FIG. 3A. The needles 18 form a plurality of needle openings 29positioned adjacent to the vessel puncture 26. The needle openings 29may be positioned radially outward (e.g., laterally relative to alongitudinal axis of the device) and spaced apart from the vesselpuncture 26. Typically, the vessel puncture 26 is generally elongatehaving opposite sides that define a length of the puncture and opposingends of the puncture. The sutures 82-84 may extend across the vesselpuncture 26 from one side to an opposite side as shown in FIG. 12.

Free ends of the sutures 82-84 extend through the suture slot 78 and arecoupled to the suture connectors 80. Connecting the suture connectors 80to the needles 18 couples the sutures 82-84 to the needles 18.Typically, a separate needle 18 is connected to a separate end of eachof the sutures 82-84 via the suture connectors 80.

The sutures 82-84 may extend at least partially within the needlereceiving slots 76. Additional length of the sutures 82-84 may extendinternally within the suture carrying portion 16, the body portion 12and handle 30, as described above.

Upon connection of the needles 18 to the suture connectors 80, theneedles 18 may be withdrawn proximally to pull the sutures 82-84 throughthe vessel wall 24 (e.g., the needle openings 29) at a location adjacentto the vessel puncture 26.

The suture connectors 80 may include a wire loop at one end forconnection to a needle 18, and include a suture connection feature atopposing end for connection to a free end of one of the sutures 82-84.The needles 18 may include latch, hook, barb or other features thatprovide a positive connection between the needles 18 and the sutureconnectors 80. Other constructions and configurations are possible forthe suture connectors 80 to provide a positive connection, eitherreleasable or permanent, between the needles 18 and the sutures 82-84.

The needles 18 include a distal needle tip 19 as described above. Whenthe needles 18 are advanced by activation of the second actuator 38, thedistal needle tips 19 extend through the vessel wall 24 and into theneedle receiving slot 76 (see FIG. 6A). Further advancing the needles 18connects the distal needle tips 19 to the suture connectors 80 as shownin FIGS. 7A and 7B. Withdrawing the needles 18 proximally by actuationof the second actuator 38 (see FIG. 8B) draws the sutures 82-84 throughthe needle openings 29 in the vessel wall 24 as shown in FIGS. 8A and 9.Withdrawing the vascular closure device 10 places the sutures 82-84across the vessel puncture 26 as shown in FIG. 11.

The vessel wall aligned portion 28 may include that portion of thevessel wall 24 which is captured between the contact surface 68 of theanchor 14 and the distal end surface 52 of the body portion 12 (seeFIGS. 5A and 5C). The body portion 12 is typically inserted through thevessel wall 24 at an angle relative to an outer surface of the vesselwall 24 and at an angle relative to a longitudinal axis Y of the vesselas shown in FIG. 5C. The angle of insertion may be an angle A₃, which isa combination of angles A₁ and A₂ shown in FIG. 5C. The vessel wallaligned portion is arranged at a perpendicular angle A₁ relative to thelongitudinal axis X of the body portion 12. Providing the vessel wallaligned portion 28 at the perpendicular angle A₁ may provide improvedconsistency in placing the needle openings 29 relative to the vesselpuncture 26 when inserting the needles 18.

As the needles 18 are advanced by actuating the second actuator 38, theneedles 18 protrude at a perpendicular angle relative to the vessel wallaligned portion 28. The needles 18 are shown in at least FIG. 6Aarranged at a non-perpendicular angle relative to the remaining portionsof the vessel wall 24. Typically, the body portion 12 is inserted at anangle A₃, which is usually about 90° and preferably in the range ofabout 80° degrees to about 100°. In some arrangements, the insertionangle A₃ is about 90° so that the vessel wall 24 and vessel wall alignedportion 28 are arranged generally in parallel.

Referring now to FIG. 12, the sutures 82-84, which positioned across thevessel puncture 26 by operation of the vascular closure device 10, haveknots 86 formed therein to maintain tension across the vessel puncture26 to hold the vessel puncture 26 closed. The suture 83 is positionedspaced between the sutures 82, 84. The suture 83 may be positionedgenerally at a mid-point along the length of the vessel puncture 26. Thesuture 83 may be positioned across the vessel puncture 26 by advancingneedles 18 through the first and second arms 60, 62 of the anchor 14.

In other examples, the vascular closure device may include only one pairof needles, wherein the single pair of needles extends through the firstand second arms 60, 62 to position the suture 83 at a mid-point alongthe length of the vessel puncture. Other arrangements are possible inwhich more than one suture is placed across the vessel puncture and atleast one needle of the vascular closure device extends through at leasta portion of the anchor. FIG. 13 shows placement of a pair of suturesusing a vascular closure device having two pairs of needles. Any one ofthe needles used to position the sutures 82-84 shown in FIG. 13 mayextend through at least a portion of an anchor (e.g., an anchor arm) ofthe vascular closure device.

The anchor of the vascular closure device may be aligned with amid-point along a length of the vessel puncture such that a sutureplaced by advancing a needle through a portion of the anchor is alsopositioned at approximately a mid-point along the length of the vesselpuncture (e.g., see suture 83 in FIG. 12). Other arrangements mayprovide positioning of the anchor at other locations along the length ofthe vessel puncture such that advancing a needle through a portion ofthe anchor to position a suture through the vessel wall places thesuture at a location spaced away from the mid-point along a length ofthe vessel puncture, such as the position of one of the sutures 82, 84shown in FIG. 13.

At least FIG. 3A of the present disclosure shows a needle receiving slot76 arranged to receive a needle passing through the first arm 60,wherein the needle receiving slot 76 is positioned adjacent to (e.g.,laterally next to) the anchor slot 74. In other arrangements, the needlereceiving slot 76 is arranged to receive a needle passing through an armof the anchor is positioned coaxially with the anchor slot 74 such as,for example, at a distal end of the anchor slot 74 or positioneddistally of the anchor slot 74.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms“engage” and “engagable” are used broadly to mean interlock, mesh, orcontact between two structures or devices. A “tube” is an elongateddevice with a passageway. A “lumen” refers to any open space or cavityin a bodily organ, especially in a blood vessel. The words “including”and “having,” as well as their derivatives, as used in thespecification, including the claims, have the same meaning as the word“comprising.”

The preceding description has been presented only to illustrate anddescribe exemplary embodiments of the invention. It is not intended tobe exhaustive or to limit the invention to any precise form disclosed.Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the aboveteaching. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined bythe following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A vascular closure device, comprising: an anchorpositionable through a vessel puncture in a vessel wall and configuredto move between an expanded position and a contracted position, theanchor defining a plurality of apertures aligned along an axis that isparallel to a longitudinal axis of the vascular closure device when theanchor is in the expanded position; at least three needles positionableexternal to the vessel puncture in the vessel wall; at least threesutures positionable within the vessel puncture and the vessel wall; adelivery device operable to advance the at least three needles throughthe vessel wall, to connect the at least three needles to the at leastthree sutures, and to withdraw the at least three needles and the atleast three sutures through the vessel wall with the at least threesutures being parallel to each other; wherein at least one needle of theat least three needles is configured to advance through the plurality ofapertures in the anchor when the anchor is in the expanded position. 2.The vascular closure device of claim 1, wherein the delivery devicecomprises a body portion, the anchor, and a suture carrying portion, theat least three needles being advanceable from the body portion throughthe vessel wall and connectable to the at least three sutures while theat least three sutures are carried by the suture carrying portion andwhile the anchor is in the expanded condition.
 3. The vascular closuredevice of claim 1, wherein the delivery device is operable to advancethe at least three needles through the vessel wall with a lineintersecting the at least three needles at an external surface of thevessel wall.
 4. The vascular closure device of claim 1, wherein the atleast three needles are movable through at least three aligned openingsin the delivery device.
 5. The vascular closure device of claim 1,wherein the delivery device is operable to withdraw the at least threesutures through the vessel wall with the at least three sutures crossingthe vessel puncture internal to the vessel wall.
 6. The vascular closuredevice of claim 1, wherein free ends of the at least three sutures areexposed for handling by an operator outside of the vessel wall upon theat least three sutures being positioned crossing the vessel puncture. 7.A vascular closure device, comprising: an anchor positionable through avessel puncture in a vessel wall and configured to move between anexpanded position and a contracted position, the anchor defining atleast two apertures aligned along an axis that is parallel to alongitudinal axis of the vascular closure device when the anchor is inthe expanded position; at least one needle movable through the at leasttwo apertures of the anchor; a body portion having a center planedividing the body portion into a first side and a second side, the firstside having at least one needle opening; a suture carrying portioninsertable through the vessel wall and configured to carry at least onesuture to a position opposite the at least one needle opening relativeto the vessel wall, wherein the at least one needle is movable throughthe at least one needle opening to connect to the at least one suture.8. The vascular closure device of claim 7, further comprising a needleguide extending along a length dimension of the suture carrying portion,at least one needle being movable within the needle guide.
 9. Thevascular closure device of claim 8, wherein the needle guide comprisesat least one slot.
 10. The vascular closure device of claim 7, whereinthe vascular closure device further comprises a second needle movablethrough the second side of the body portion.
 11. The vascular closuredevice of claim 7, wherein the suture carrying portion comprises asuture slot configured to receive the at least one suture.
 12. Thevascular closure device of claim 7, wherein the suture carrying portioncomprises an anchor slot, a portion of the anchor being movable betweena first position within the anchor slot and a second position extendingfrom the anchor slot.
 13. A vascular closure device, comprising: ananchor positionable through a vessel puncture in a vessel wall andoperable between an expanded position and a contracted position, theanchor defining a plurality of apertures arranged along an axis that isparallel to a longitudinal axis of the vascular closure device when theanchor is in the expanded position; a body portion having anupstream-facing side and a downstream-facing side upon insertion througha vascular opening; a suture carrying portion extending distal to thebody portion, the suture carrying portion having an upstream-facing sideand a downstream-facing side; a set of sutures carried on theupstream-facing side or downstream-facing side of the suture carryingportion; a set of at least three needles movable through theupstream-facing side or downstream-facing side of the body portion toconnect to the set of sutures, at least one needle of the set of atleast three needles movable through the plurality of apertures of theanchor in the expanded position.
 14. The vascular closure device ofclaim 13, wherein the set of at least three needles extends through atleast three openings in the body portion.
 15. The vascular closuredevice of claim 14, wherein the at least three openings are aligned onthe body portion.
 16. The vascular closure device of claim 13, furthercomprising a set of suture connectors carried on the suture carryingportion, wherein the set of at least three needles are connectable tothe set of sutures via the set of suture connectors.
 17. The vascularclosure device of claim 13, wherein the anchor is positioned between thebody portion and the set of sutures.
 18. The vascular closure device ofclaim 13, wherein the anchor comprises a first portion residing in theupstream-facing side of the suture carrying portion and a second portionresiding in the downstream-facing side of the suture carrying portion.